What's In Our Blood - Riddles

What's In Our Blood - Riddles

Red Blood Cell
Born very early in the born marrow
I pass through blood vessels no matter how narrow
I live but for three months and not a day more
From the lungs, I take up a gas that you need in every flow ... Who am I?

Granulocyte (a leucocyte)
My nucleus is lobed and my cytoplasm granular
A soldier I am with a nucleus irregular
To eat your enemy is my function
And, for that, I have both gut and gumption ... Who am I?

Platelet
At a cut, I act fast and cause a clot
This is my life, this is my plot
But I do it only when you need me too
For if you lose your blood, you'd soon turn blue ... Who am I?

Lymphocyte / Granulocyte (a leucocyte)
Smooth and large, my nucleus is round
In the lymphatic system am I found
I shoot out antibodies when I get the chance
Pathogens shrivel up and fall into a dead trance ... Who am I?

Note:
While blood plasma takes up 55% of blood fluid, blood cells make up the remaining 45%

*******
blood cells : sel-sel darah
blood plasma : plasma darah
blood transport : pengangkutan darah
blood vessel : salur darah
granulocyte : granulosit
interstitial fluid : cecair intertis
leucocyte : leukosit
lymph duct : nodus limfa
lymphatic system : sistem limfa
lymphocyte : limfosit
phagocytes : sel-sel fagositosis
platelet : platlet
valve : injap
*******

The Daily Transporter

The Daily Transporter

Blood plays many important roles, and one of them is transport.

It transports oxygen, enzymes, water, nutrients (glucose, vitamins, minerals, fatty acids, glycerol and amino acids), carbon dioxide, hormones, antibodies, waste substances, and even heat!

Transport of oxygen;

• Cell involved - Red blood cell
• Pigment used - Haemoglobin
• Oxygen transported by the blood in the form of oxyhaemoglobin

Carbon dioxide transported in blood;

• 70% in the form of hydrogen carbonate ions
• 23% in the form of carbomino-haemoglobin
• 7% in the form of dissolved gas in plasma

Possible consiquences to his health if a man's erythrocyte count is below normal;

• When less oxygen reaches the cells in his body, the man may suffer from anaemia. As a result, he may faint easily, feel tired and be unenergetic.

Meeting Gametes

Meeting Gametes

Study the following details for a better understanding of gametogenesis and what happens after it.

1. Process and location
   
   • Male - Spermatogenesis in the testes.
   • Female - Oogenesis in the ovaries.
2. Parent cell for gametogenesis
   
   • Male - Primary spermatocyte.
   • Female - Primary oocyte.
3. Cell produced after Meiosis I
   
   • Male - Two secondary spermatocytes.
   • Female - One secondary oocyte (X) and one (1st) polar body (Y).
4. Cell produced after Meiosis II
   
   • Male - Four spermatids.
   • Female -
     
     • From the secondary oocyte (X): One ovum + One polar body.
     • From the first polar body (Y): Two other polar bodies.
5. What happens to cells produced after Meiosis II?
   
   • Male - Spermatids differentiate into sperms.
   • Female - All three polar bodies will degenerate; only the ovum will survive.
6. When does Meiosis II occur?
   
   • Male - Immediately after Meiosis I.
   • Female -
     
     • For the first polar body: immediately after Meiosis I.
     • For the second oocyte: only after a sperm penetrates the oocyte.
7. What happens during sexual intercourse?
   
   • Male - Sperms are ejaculated from a male's penis into a female's vagina.
   • Female - Sperm from a male swim upwards, from a female's vagina, through the cervix, into the uterus and then to the Fallopian tubes.
8. Site for fertilisation
   
   • Male - none.
   • Female - In the Fallopian tubes of the female reproductive system.
9. Product of fertilisation
   
   • Male - none.
   • Female - A diploid zygote (containing 46 chromosomes), which then develops into an embryo.

What happens after sexual intercourse?

• Possibility I
  
  • A sperm meets the secondary oocyte and penetrates it.
  • Meiosis II quickly occurs in the secondary oocyte, and an ovum and a polar body is formed.
  • The polar body degenerates.
  • The nucleus of the ovum fuses with the nucleus of the sperm.
  • Fertilisation is successful and a diploid zygote is formed.
  • The female is pregnant.
    
• Possibility II
  
  • None of the sperms meet the secondary oocyte. This could mean ovulation has
    
    • not occurred yet;
    • occurred but the secondary oocyte, which can only live for 24 hours, has died.
      
  • No fertilisation occurs.
  • No zygote is formed.
  • The female is not pregnant; she gets her next period as usual.